MISSING Constant

The MISSING constant is similar to None, but with a key difference. While None has the type NoneType and can only be assigned to fields of type T | None, the MISSING constant has the type Any and can be assigned to fields of any type.

Motivation

The MISSING constant addresses a common issue when working with optional fields in configurations. Consider the following example:

import nshconfig as C

# Without MISSING:
class MyConfigWithoutMissing(C.Config):
    age: int
    age_str: str | None = None

    def __post_init__(self):
        if self.age_str is None:
            self.age_str = str(self.age)

config = MyConfigWithoutMissing(age=10)
age_str_lower = config.age_str.lower()
# ^ The above line is valid code, but the type-checker will complain
# because `age_str` could be `None`.

In the above code, the type-checker will raise a complaint because age_str could be None. This is where the MISSING constant comes in handy:

# With MISSING:
class MyConfigWithMissing(C.Config):
    age: int
    age_str: C.AllowMissing[str] = C.MISSING

    def __post_init__(self):
        if self.age_str is C.MISSING:
            self.age_str = str(self.age)

config = MyConfigWithMissing(age=10)
age_str_lower = config.age_str.lower()
# ^ No more type-checker complaints!

By using the MISSING constant, you can indicate that a field is not set during construction, and the type-checker will not raise any complaints.